This chapter focuses on the role of occupational stress as a contributing factor in workplace deviance and crime, in relation to the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping. This model is a stress process paradigm in which cognitive appraisal and coping strategies mediate between potentially stressful conditions/events (“stressors”) and the subsequent experience of distress and related psychological, physical, and behavioral (“strain”) outcomes. The model proposes that workplace deviance is an emotion-based, behavioral strain response to perceived negative work environment conditions/events (“job stressors”). In particular, it suggests that employees who feel they have lost control may use workplace deviance to covertly or passively strike out at the perceived source of stress, and make themselves feel better.